Fluid-fuel burner



July 3; 1923.

1,460,473 J. A. BISHOP FLUID FUEL BURNER Filed June '7, 1921 2Sheets-Sheet l cim A. ,Bzlsoza IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEYS July 3, 1923.

J. A. BISHOP FLUID FUEL BURNER Filed June 7, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z14 vW W I Q M Y R m w n ATTORNEYJ UNITED s ares Patented July 3, 1923.

PATENT oFF-ic Q i JOHN A. BISHOP, or CLEARWATER, FLORIDA.

. tion of the invention, such as'willenable others skilled in'the art towhich it appertainsto make and use the same.

This invention relates to means for converting a liquid fuel into vaporor gas so that it may be completely burned.

The objects are to preheat the liquid fuel in the feed pipes or feedpipe so that it may be issued from the ejecting nozzle in a finelydivided or vaporous condition; to provide a stream of air or steamadapted to entrain the fuel immediately before it issues from theejector nozzle; to cut off, completely either the fuel or the air orsteam or to regulate the proportional discharge of fuel and air andsteam, and to provide means'for forcing the airor steam through the fuelpipe in order to remove any obstructions that may accumulate therein.

The invention consists in the combinationofa burnerpipe adapted to behighly heated by the flame of the burning fuel, a fuel conductoradjacent said burner pipe adapted to be heated by transfer of heattherefrom an ejecto'rnnozzle directed into the burner pipe, a needlevalve for'controL ling the fuel passing to the nozzle, a steam or airpipe in communication with the needle valve and nozzle, and controllingvalves that may be manipulated soas to direct the steam or air, throughthe heated section of the fuel conductor or into the nozzle. It alsoconsists of the several subcombinations and'elements more specificallyset forth hereinafter, illustrated in the drawings and defined in" theappended claims.

In the accompanying drawings in which like-reference numerals indicatelike parts throughout theseveral views: V

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the complete apparatus;

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2 2 of Figure 1; I

Figure 3 is an end elevation viewed from -.the left of Figure 1;'

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the ejector Application filed June 7,1921. Serial No. 475,657.

FLUID-FUEL BURNER.

nozzle disclosing the valve for controlling. I

the fuel and the air or steamy v v In the drawings, 1 indicatestheburnerpipe which is preferably a section of cast iiiron pipe relatively heavyand large diameter with respect to the fuel pine or conductor andintended to .be susceptible of absorbingand giving off a large amount ofheat; 2 is a fuel pipe or conductor adapted to conduct a liquid fuel,such as petroleum, to a nozzle 10 that is directed into the front 7 end1 of the burner pipe 1. Thesaid fuel tending in a vertical plane, or ina plane which intersects the axis of the pipe 1', thus producing a largeheat absorbing ,oryheat radiating surface approximating in extent thecross sectional area of the pipe 1- and therefore so placed that flameissuing from u sald pipel contacts with it. The said bends aredesignated 5 in the drawingsand .flow of fuel through the pipe 2 beforeit" reaches the heated limb 3 in the immediate vicinity of burner pipe1, I The limb 4 of the fuel pipe is connected with a transverse sectiondirected toward the center or axis of the pipe 1 adjacent the front end1 where it is connected to a cross" to which the before-mentioned nozzleis secured. 1 The front end of the limb 4: maybe tapped into an elbow 8,from which a transverse section of pipe 9 extends to a cross 11. Saidnozzle 12 is'screwed into one arm 12 of the cross. The nozzle 10 has afiaring'discharge mouth 13 communicating with a bore 10 g 1 and atapered valve seat 14 at the inner end of the bore 10 adapted. to beclosed by will be discharged past the valve seat. 14

and outthrough the flaring nozzle '13 pro.

means of a taper end "15 of a needle valve vided the taper end of valve16 is removed from'its sea-t.

Threaded into the end 17 of the cross is a hollow plug 18, closed at itsend, which is connected to the section 19 of the steam or air pipe 19that is provided with a valve 20 in order to control the flow of air orsteam into said hollow plug. Said hollow plug 18 is transversely drilledand threaded at 21. The needle valve 16 is provided with a bore 22extending from its extremity and terminating beyond an orifice 23extending transversely through the stem of said needle valve. The needlevalve stem is threaded as shown at 24 and is screwed through thethreaded opening 21 in the plug 18 so that the orifice 23 is incommunication with the interior of the plug 18 throughout the longitudinal movements of the valve stem necessary to open and closecommunication between the fuel conduit and the nozzle 10. The saidneedle valve is guided in a suitable gland or stufiing box 25 threadedinto the end 26 of said cross 11.

By means of the construction last described it will be apparent thatwhen the valve 20 is closed and the valve 16 opened fuel may flow freelythrough the cross 11 and out of the nozzle 10 without any admixture ofsteam or air. By opening the valve 16 any desired amount and opening thevalve 20 steam or air may be forced out through the hollow stem of thevalve 16 thereby entraining and mingling with the fuel which is thenejected from the flaring mouth 13' of the nozzle 10 in a finely dividedspray. Liquid fuel may thus be atomized or divided finely as may benecessary in order to bring the fuel into condition to be initiallyignited. Valve 20 may be closed at any time after the pipe 1 and theheating section of the fuel conduit have been heated to such a degreethat the fuel issues from the nozzle 10 in a gaseous or vaporouscondition. By closing the valve 16 and leaving the valve 20 open steamor air may be blown through the nozzle for any desired purpose, such asto clear away an obstruction.

In order to clean out the entire heating section of the burner pipe orconduit. which is subject to the more or less intense heat required tovaporize the fuel, a cross connect-ion 27 having'therein a valve 28 isbranched from the steam or air pipe 19 to the fuel pipe 2. By closingthe valve 20,

opening the valves 16 and 9.8 and closing the valve 7, steam or air maybe blown through the'sections 3, 5 and 4 of the fuel conduit. thusloosening any clogging material that may have accumulated in saidp(i)pes and forcing it out through the nozzle 1 The apparatus describedis particularly designed for burning liquid fuel such as the r petroleumfraction known as distillate, or

other oils of like consistency. In starting the apparatus oil will beforced through the fuel pipe and out of the nozzle 10, mechanicallybroken up or atomized by the current of steam or air forced through thehollow come heated by transfer from pipe 1 and the bends 5 by directcontact with the flame.

The conduit will soon become so hot that oil therein will be heated tosuch a degree that it issues from the nozzle 10 as a' gas or vapor whichmay be completely consumed provided sufficient air is furnished for thepurpose. As the pipe 1 is relatively large in cross section, sufficientair for combustion purposes will be drawn into the open end.-

1 by the force of the stream of fuel issuing from the nozzle 10, whichmay be supple mented by air enveloping the burning gases after they haveissued from the end 1 of said pipe 1.

By the burner disclosed I have found that hydrocarbon oils may bebrought into such a volatile condition that when ignited completecombustion is effected.

Having described my invention in the form now best known to me what Iclaim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: 1. A fuel conductorterminatingin a nozzle, a valve seat in said nozzle, a needle valveprovided with a taper ended stem adapted to engage said valve seat, saidneedle valve having a central bore in communication with said nozzle,and a lateral opening into said bore, a hollow plug having a closed endand a transverse opening receiving the perforated portion of the stem ofsaid needle valve, and a valve-controlled pipe communicating with saidplug.

2. A'fuel conductor terminating in a nozble, a valve seat in saidnozzle, a needle valve provided with a taper ended stem adapted toengage said valve seat, said needle valve having a central bore incommunication with said nozzle and a threaded stem provided with atransverse opening into said bore, a hollow plug having a closed end anda transverse threaded opening re ceiving the threaded and perforatedportion of the stem of said needle valve, and a valve-controlled pipecommunicating with said plug. p

3. A burner comprising a cross, a fuel conductor connected to one arm ofthe cross, a hollow plug having a; closed end inserted in the oppositearm of the cross, a nozzle in another arm of said cross having a valveseat in its inner end, a needle valve, a gland in the arm of the crossopposite thenozzle in which the needle valve rotates, said hollow plughaving .a transverse threaded opening through which the stem of theneedle valve is threaded, said needle valve having a bore communicatingwith said-nozzle and a transverse orifice placing said bore incommunication with the interior of .said p Q '4. The combination ofaburner pipe, a fuel conductor having one limb extending from end to endof said burner pipe, and a return limb, both lying in close proximity tothe wall of said burner pipe, a looped pipe interposed between saidlimbs and lying adjacent the rear end of said burner pipe," said'returnlimb terminating in a nozzle di' rected into the front end of saidburner pipe. 5. The combination of a burner pipe, a

fuel conduct-or having a plurality'of inter-1 connected loops one limbor" which extends along one side of the burner pipe and the other limbalong the other side thereofiboth in proximity thereto, one limb of saidloop terminating in a 'nozzle directed into the front end of said-burnerpipe. 6. The combination of a burner pipe, a looped fuel conductor theopposite limbs'of which extend on opposite sides of said burner pipe inclose proximity thereto, said limbs being connected by a section ofincreased heating area extending across the rear'end of saidburner pipe,and a nozzle r for directing fuel from said conductor into the front endof said burner pipe.

7. The'combination of a burner pipe, a

the rear end of said burner pipe by a series of bends "arranged in aplane intersecting the axis of said burner pipe, one of said limpsterminating in a nozzle directed into the front end ofsaid burner pipe.

The. combination of a fuel conductor having a heat absorbing surface,said conductor terminating in ,a nozzle arranged to' direct its.discharge against said heat ab-,

sorbing surface, valves for controlling the flow of fuel through saidconductor,]a pipe communicating With said conductor adjacent the nozzle,and a branched'pipe con-- necting said pipe with said conductor at apoint distant from the nozzle; I c

.9. The combination of a fuel conductor having a heat absorbing surface,said conductor terminating in a nozzle arranged to direct its dischargeadjacent said heat absorbing-surface, a needle valve for controlling theflow of fuel'from said nozzle, a pipe adaptedrto' convey an ,atomizingfluid into said nozzle, means in saidpipe for controllingthe flow ofsaid atomizing fluid to said nozzle, anda connection between said a apipe and a point in said'fuelconduotor distant from said nozzle andadapted to divert v from said pipe through said conductor for cleaningpurposes.

In testimony whereof I aflix signature,

" JOHNA. B1s1-ioP.-

